The left and right exhaust manifolds are cast iron and have different functions. Each exhaust manifold mounts to a cylinder head with bolts and studs, using no gasket (see Figure 2-36).
The left exhaust manifold connects the left cylinder head to the right exhaust manifold, using a tubular steel crossover pipe and flared flange joints.
The right exhaust manifold (see Figure 2-37) directs the combined exhaust from both cylinder heads to the turbine housing of the turbocharger, which is bolted at a flange joint (see Figure 2-38 on next page). The outlet of the turbine housing connects to the exhaust pipe and muffler.