Cummins N14 STC, Celect, Celect Plus – Service Manual 001-016   Crankshaft

Use only the accessory drive shaft to rotate the crankshaft.

Rotate the crankshaft clockwise through two complete revolutions.

If the engine does not turn freely, the equipment can have a malfunction. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions. The engine can have internal problems. Reference the correct procedure for inspection and replacement of internal engine components.

WARNING  Batteries can emit explosive gases. To reduce the possibility of personal injury, always ventilate the compartment before servicing the batteries. To reduce the possibility of arcing, remove the negative (-) battery cable first and attach the negative (-) battery cable last.

• Disconnect the batteries. Refer to the OEM service manual.
• Make sure vehicle is immobilized and safe to work on. Refer to the end-user procedures.
• Remove the vehicle driveline and transmission. Refer to the OEM service manual.
• Remove the engine from vehicle. Refer to Procedure 000-001 in Section 0.
• Remove the lubricating oil pan. Refer to Procedure 007-025 in Section 7.
• Remove the flywheel housing. Refer to Procedure 016-006 in Section 16.

CAUTION  The main bearing caps must be marked for position and cylinder block identification.

The position number (1) of the cap is stamped on the camshaft side and the block identification number (2) is stamped on the exhaust side of the cap.

The cylinder block identification number is stamped on the front and the rear of the oil pan flange on the camshaft side of the engine.

Check and mark all caps that are not marked before removing them from the cylinder block.

NOTE: The number 7 main bearing cap has thrust bearings and dowel pins.

Remove the main bearing capscrews and the washers.

Use main bearing cap puller, Part Number ST-1178 or equivalent, to remove the caps. The service tool must be centered on the main bearing cap.

NOTE: Mark the bearing shells with the journal number from which they were removed if they are to be used again or if failure analysis is required.

Remove the lower main bearing shell from the crankshaft journal.

Remove the dowel ring.

Remove the thrust bearings from the number 7 cap.

Mark these bearings as the front and rear thrust bearings.

CAUTION  Do not damage the crankshaft when removing the thrust bearings.

Use a blunt tool to remove the upper thrust bearings.

Mark the bearings in the notched area as the front and rear thrust bearings.

NOTE: If necessary, slide the crankshaft to the front or to the rear to allow the thrust bearings to be removed.

WARNING  This component or assembly weighs greater than 23 kg [50 lb]. To prevent serious personal injury, be sure to have assistance or use appropriate lifting equipment to lift this component or assembly.

Use a hoist and a lifting sling to remove the crankshaft.

Push the upper main bearing on the end that does not have the dowel ring groove.

NOTE: Mark the bearing shells with the journal number from which they were removed if they are to be used again or if failure analysis is required.

New crankshafts are coated with a heavy preservative. Use solvent to thoroughly remove the coating.

Brush or flush the packing debris from the oil drillings before installing the crankshaft in the engine.

Use a light preservative to prevent rust during the engine rebuild.

Use a fine crocus cloth or a 400 grit emery cloth to remove discoloration or light scratches from the machined surfaces.

Use a hone stone to polish the outside diameter at the front and the rear oil seal locations, the flywheel mounting location, and the vibration damper location.

Remove any small scratches and grooves.

WARNING  When using a steam cleaner, wear safety glasses or a face shield, as well as protective clothing. Hot steam can cause serious personal injury.

Steam clean the crankshaft.

Dry with compressed air.

NOTE: Make sure to blow out the threaded holes on each end of the crankshaft and the oil drillings.

Inspect the machined surfaces for scratches or nicks.

Use a fine crocus cloth to remove the nicks and scratches.

NOTE: If scratches or nicks can be felt with a fingernail after the crankshaft has been polished with a crocus cloth, the crankshaft must be replaced or reconditioned.

Inspect the threaded capscrew holes for damage.

Use one of the following methods to repair any threaded holes.

1. Use a tap to clean the burrs from the threads.
2. Use a thread repair insert.

If necessary, reference the Alternative Repair Manual, Bulletin 3379035, for repair instructions.

NOTE: A maximum of 50 percent of the threaded holes per crankshaft end can be replaced.

Inspect the crankshaft gear for cracks and broken or chipped teeth.

Where the front and the rear crankshaft seals contact the crankshaft, the maximum allowable wear is 0.13 mm [0.005 in].

Crankshaft Oil Seal Wear Groove

Measure the crankshaft gear fit area outside diameter, if the gear has been removed.

Crankshaft Gear Fit Area O.D.

Measure the front oil seal area outside diameter.

Crankshaft Front Oil Seal Area O.D.

Measure the rear oil seal area outside diameter.

Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal Area O.D.

Crankshafts which are ground oversize in the thrust face width are normally marked on the rear counterweight.

Crankshafts which are ground undersize in the connecting rod or the main bearing journals are normally marked on the front counterweight.

Measure the connecting rod journals outside diameter.

Crankshaft Connecting Rod Journal O.D.

Measure the main bearing journals outside diameter.

Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal O.D.

Measure the thrust face width.

Crankshaft Thrust Face Width

The crankshaft can be ground undersize, if the bearing journals or the thrust distance is not within specifications.

Alwaysgrind all of the journals when one is not within specifications.

Oversize rod bearings, main bearings, and thrust bearings are available.

Reference the Alternative Repair Manual, Bulletin 3379035, for grinding specifications.

Reference the Alternative Repair Manual, Bulletin 3379035, for procedures to magnetically check for cracks in the crankshaft and gear.

Use clean 15W-40 oil to lubricate the entire crankshaft to prevent rust.

Inspect the crankshaft for dirt or damage

NOTE: If the crankshaft is found to be damaged, replace it.

Inspect the flywheel mating face of the crankshaft for signs of pitting, fretting, or corrosion.

NOTE: If the crankshaft is found to be damaged, replace it.

Reference the Grind section of this procedure for guidelines for reuse and grinding mating faces of crankshafts for rail engines.

This procedure is designed to extend the usable life of the crankshaft and to maintain the integrity of the crankshaft/flywheel bolted joint.

In order to maintain maximum clamping loads, it is permissible to grind the flywheel mounting face of the crankshaft.

Following a re-grind, a minimum thickness of 54.483 mm [2.145 in] from the thrust bearing face must remain.

If the grinding process reaches the minimum dimension, and there are still signs of imperfections, the crankshaft must be replaced.

The grinding process should be carried out in increments of 0.0254 mm [0.001 in] or less, to avoid burn damage to the crankshaft or unnecessary removal of material.

The new crankcase surface finish must be 125 microns of an inch or better.

Use a lint free cloth to clean the crankshaft bearing journals.

WARNING  This component or assembly weighs greater than 23 kg [50 lb]. To prevent serious personal injury, be sure to have assistance or use appropriate lifting equipment to lift this component or assembly.

CAUTION  Use a lifting strap that will not damage the crankshaft. Do not drop the crankshaft on the bearings.

The end of the crankshaft with the smallest diameter must point toward the front of the block. Install the crankshaft.

Use a lint free cloth to clean the thrust bearings, the main bearing shells, and the main bearing caps.

NOTE: If used thrust bearings are to be installed, each must be installed in its original location in the engine. The bearing journal numbers must have been marked on the bearing during disassembly.

Use clean Lubriplate™ 105, or equivalent, to lubricate the upper thrust bearings.

CAUTION  The grooves must be toward the crankshaft.

Install the upper thrust bearings in the number 7 main bearing saddle.

NOTE: Push the crankshaft toward the rear of the engine to install the front bearing and to the front of the engine to install the rear bearing.

The end of the thrust bearing must be even with the main bearing cap mounting surface.

Install the dowel ring in the dowel ring counterbore of the cylinder block.

Install the lower main bearing shells as follows:

• Use clean Lubriplate™ 105, or equivalent, to lubricate the bearing shell to the crankshaft journal mating surface.

Align the dowel ring groove in the bearing with the dowel ring.

The dowel ring grooves (1) and (2) in the bearings must be engaged with the dowel ring (3).

Push on the side of the bearing shell opposite the dowel ring to install the bearing shell.

The end of the lower main bearing shell opposite the dowel ring must be engaged between the crankshaft and the cylinder block and be seated against the end of the upper bearing shell.

NOTE: If installed correctly, the ends of the bearing shells (1) will meet approximately 1.50 mm [0.060 in] below the cylinder block main bearing mounting surface.

NOTE: If used thrust bearings are to be installed, each must be installed in its original location in the engine. The bearing journal numbers must have been marked on the bearing during disassembly.

Use Lubriplate® 105, or equivalent, to lubricate the lower thrust bearings.

Place the lower thrust bearings around the number 7 main journal with the grooves facing the thrust surface on the crankshaft.

NOTE: The notch (1) on the outside diameter of the lower thrust bearings must align with the locating pins in the number 7 main bearing cap.

CAUTION  Drain the excess oil from the capscrews before installing them in the cylinder block to prevent hydraulic lock and possible damage to the cylinder block during the capscrew torquing operation.

Use clean 15W-40 oil to lubricate the capscrew threads and flat washers.

CAUTION  The main bearing caps are marked for position (1) on the camshaft side and the cylinder block identification (2) on the exhaust side. The cylinder block identification number (3) is stamped on the pan rail on the camshaft side of the block. Install the caps in the correct position with the position number to the camshaft side and its part number toward the rear of the engine.

Install the main bearing caps as follows:

• Align the capscrew holes in the cap with the holes in the cylinder block. Make sure the dowel ring and lower bearing shell are in position.

• Install the capscrews and the washers through the cap and into the cylinder block.
• Hand tighten the capscrews two to three threads.

CAUTION  Do not use impact wrenches. The main bearing shells can become dislocated.

Use both of the capscrews to pull the main bearing cap into position.

Use two wrenches. Tighten both of the capscrews at the same time.

Make sure the cap is touching the block. If it is not, check for a bearing out-of-location.

CAUTION  Do not rotate the crankshaft until the main bearing capscrews are tightened. This will keep the bearings in place.

Tighten the main bearing capscrews in the sequence illustrated.

Tighten the main bearing capscrews on engines built with 1-inch diameter main bearing capscrews to the following torque values:

1. Loosen completely.
2. Repeat steps 1 through 3.

Tighten the main bearing capscrews on engines built with ¾-inch diameter main bearing capscrews to the following torque values:

1. Loosen completely.
2. Repeat steps 1 through 3.

Turn the crankshaft by hand. If it does not turn freely, loosen the main bearing capscrews one cap at a time. This will help locate the bearing that is too tight.

Remove the main bearing cap and the bearing. Check for an incorrect or mislocated bearing or main bearing cap, for incorrect oversize bearing, or debris between the main bearing and the cap.

Tighten the main bearing capscrews in the sequence illustrated and to the torque values shown above.

Measure the end clearance of the crankshaft as follows:

1. Install a dial indicator to the rear face of the cylinder block.
2. Place the tip of the gauge against the end of the crankshaft.
3. Push the crankshaft toward the rear of the cylinder block.

1. Set the dial indicator to “0”.
2. Push the crankshaft toward the front of the cylinder block.
3. If the end clearance is less than 0.18 mm [0.007 in], do the following:

• Loosen the main bearing capscrew one turn.
• Push the crankshaft toward the front and then toward the rear of the cylinder block.

• Tighten the main bearing capscrews in the sequence shown in the illustration.

Measure the crankshaft end clearance. The end clearance specification for a new or reground crankshaft with new thrust bearings is 0.18 mm [0.007 in] to 0.45 mm [0.018 in].

NOTE: Crankshafts that have been reground on the thrust bearing surfaces are marked for oversize thrust bearings on the rear crankshaft counter weight. If the crankshaft counter weight is marked, check the thrust ring part number to make sure the correct thrust ring size is used.

Example: F. – .010 = Front 0.25 mm [0.010 in]

Example: R. – .020 = Front 0.51 mm [0.020 in]

If the crankshaft end clearance is more than 0.56 mm [0.022 in], use oversize thrust bearings to adjust the end clearance to the correct specification.

WARNING  Batteries can emit explosive gases. To reduce the possibility of personal injury, always ventilate the compartment before servicing the batteries. To reduce the possibility of arcing, remove the negative (-) battery cable first and attach the negative (-) battery cable last.

• Install the flywheel housing. Refer to Procedure 016-006 in Section 16.
• Install the lubricating oil pan. Refer to Procedure 007-025 in Section 7.
• Install the engine into vehicle. Refer to Procedure 000-001 in Section 0.
• Install the vehicle driveline and the transmission. Refer to the OEM service manual.
• Connect the batteries. Refer to the OEM service manual.
• Mobilize the vehicle. Reference the end-user procedures.
• Operate the engine and check for leaks.