Compressing air raises its temperature, which reduces change density and tends to defeat the purpose of supercharging. Sophisticated turbocharger installations include a heat exchanger, or…
All turbocharger installations incorporate some form of boost limitation; otherwise, boost would rise with load until the engine destroyed itself. Turbocharger geometry, sometimes abetted by…
Figure 9-6 illustrates an air-cooled Ishikawajima-Harima turbocharger of the type found on engines in the 100–150-hp range. The inset shows the water-cooled version of the…
Depending on how it is accomplished, turbocharging can have three quite distinct effects on performance. If no or little additional fuel is supplied, power output…
A turbocharger is an exhaust-powered supercharger, that unlike conventional superchargers, has no mechanical connection to the engine (Figs. 9-3b and 9-4). The exhaust stream, impinging…
Older engines are often fitted with oil-bath filters that combine oil-wetted filtration with inertial separation (Fig. 9-1). Air enters at the top of the unit…
The manufacturer’s manual provides detailed assembly instructions but includes little about the things that can go wrong. Most assembly errors can be categorized as follows:…
Top clearance, or the piston-to-head clearance at tdc, is critical. Unfortunately, the position of piston crown varies somewhat between cylinders because of the stacked tolerances…
Valve spring tension is all that keeps the valves from hitting the pistons. A “swallowed” valve is the mechanic’s equivalent of the great Lisbon earthquake…
Valve seat inserts are pressed into recesses machined into the head. (Some very early engines used spigoted inserts with mixed results.) Seats must be replaced…